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Skills available for Quebec grade 7 science curriculum

Objectives are in black and IXL science skills are in dark green. Hold your mouse over the name of a skill to view a sample question. Click on the name of a skill to practise that skill.

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Quebec Progression of Learning: Strategies Quebec Progression of Learning: Strategies
Quebec Progression of Learning: Techniques Quebec Progression of Learning: Techniques
Quebec Progression of Learning: The Earth and Space Quebec Progression of Learning: The Earth and Space
Quebec Progression of Learning: The Living World Quebec Progression of Learning: The Living World
Quebec Progression of Learning: The Material World Quebec Progression of Learning: The Material World
Quebec Progression of Learning: The Technological World Quebec Progression of Learning: The Technological World

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The Material World

A Properties
- A.1 Properties of matter
  - A.1.a Mass
    - A.1.a.i Defines the concept of mass
    - A.1.a.ii Compares the mass of different substances with the same volume
  - A.1.b Volume
    - A.1.b.i Defines the concept of volume
    - A.1.b.ii Chooses the appropriate unit of measurement to express volume (e.g. 120 mL or 0.12 L or 120 cm³)
      - Choose units of distance, mass and volume (7-V.1)
      - Abbreviate mass and volume units (7-V.3)
    - A.1.b.iii Compares the volume of different substances with the same mass
  - A.1.c Temperature
    - A.1.c.i Describes the effect of heat on the degree of agitation of particles
      - How does particle motion affect temperature? (7-G.1)
    - A.1.c.ii Defines temperature as a measurement of the degree of agitation of particles
    - A.1.c.iii Explains the thermal expansion of bodies
  - A.1.d States of matter
    - A.1.d.i Names the different phase changes of matter (vaporization, condensation, freezing, melting, deposition, sublimation)
      - Change-of-state diagrams: melting, freezing, evaporating and condensing (5-D.2)
      - Change-of-state diagrams: melting, freezing, evaporating, condensing and sublimating (5-D.3)
    - A.1.d.ii Interprets the phase change diagram for a pure substance
  - A.1.e Acidity/alkalinity
    - A.1.e.i Determines the observable properties of acidic, basic or neutral solutions (e.g. reaction to litmus, reactivity with metals)
    - A.1.e.ii Determines the acidity or alkalinity of common substances (e.g. water, lemon juice, vinegar, soft drinks, milk of magnesia, cleaners)
  - A.1.f Characteristic properties
    - A.1.f.i Defines a characteristic property as a property that aids in the identification of a substance or group of substances
    - A.1.f.ii Identifies groups of substances based on their common characteristic properties (e.g. acids turn litmus red)
    - A.1.f.iii Associates a characteristic property of a substance or material with its use (e.g. metal is used to make pots because it is a good conductor of heat)
- A.3 Properties of solutions
  - A.3.a Solutions
    - A.3.a.i Describes the properties of an aqueous solution (e.g. only one visible phase, translucent)
B Changes
- B.1 Changes in matter
  - B.1.a Conservation of matter
    - B.1.a.i Demonstrates that matter is conserved during a chemical change (e.g. conservation of mass in a precipitation reaction)
      - Understand conservation of matter using graphs (6-D.1)
  - B.1.b Mixtures
    - B.1.b.i Describes the properties of a mixture (e.g. made up of several substances, one or more phases)
      - Identify mixtures (8-H.1)
    - B.1.b.ii Distinguishes between a solution or homogenous mixture (e.g. drinking water, air, alloy) and a heterogeneous mixture (e.g. tomato juice, smog, rock)
  - B.1.d Separation of mixtures
    - B.1.d.i Associates a separation technique with the type of mixture to be separated
    - B.1.d.ii Describes the steps involved in separating a complex mixture (e.g. sedimentation, decantation and evaporation to separate salt water and sand)
- B.2 Physical changes
  - B.2.a Physical changes
    - B.2.a.i Describes the characteristics of a physical change (e.g. substance retains its properties, molecules remain intact)
    - B.2.a.ii Recognizes different physical changes (e.g. phase changes, preparation or separation of a mixture)
- B.3 Chemical changes
  - B.3.a Chemical changes
    - B.3.a.i Describes the indicators of a chemical change (formation of a precipitate, effervescence, colour change, heat, light)
      - Describe energy changes in chemical reactions (7-E.4)
      - Compare physical and chemical changes (7-E.5)
    - B.3.a.ii Explains a chemical change based on the changes in the properties of the substances involved
    - B.3.a.iii Names different types of chemical changes (e.g. decomposition, oxidation)
C Organization
- C.1 Structure of matter
  - C.1.a Atom
    - C.1.a.i Describes Dalton's atomic model
      - What are atoms and chemical elements? (7-D.1)
    - C.1.a.ii Defines the atom as the basic unit of the molecule
      - Describe the atomic composition of molecules (7-D.4)
  - C.1.b Molecule
    - C.1.b.i Describes a molecule using Dalton's atomic model (combination of atoms linked by chemical bonds)
      - How are substances represented by chemical formulas and models? (7-D.2)
    - C.1.b.ii Represents the formation of a molecule using Dalton's atomic model
      - How are substances represented by chemical formulas and models? (7-D.2)
  - C.1.c Element
    - C.1.c.i Defines an element as a pure substance made of a single type of atom (e.g. Fe, N₂)
      - Classify elementary substances and compounds using models (7-D.6)
  - C.1.d Periodic table
    - C.1.d.i Describes the periodic table as a structured classification of elements
      - What are atoms and chemical elements? (7-D.1)

The Living World

A Diversity of life forms
- A.1 Ecology
  - A.1.a Habitat
    - A.1.a.i Names the characteristics that define a habitat (e.g. geographic location, climate, flora, fauna, proximity of man-made constructions)
      - Identify ecosystems (7-N.2)
    - A.1.a.ii Describes the habitat of certain species
      - Describe ecosystems (7-N.3)
  - A.1.b Ecological niche
    - A.1.b.i Names the characteristics that define an ecological niche (e.g. habitat, diet, daily rhythms)
    - A.1.b.ii Describes the ecological niche of an animal species
  - A.1.c Species
    - A.1.c.i Names the characteristics that define a species (common physical characteristics; natural, viable and fertile reproduction)
      - Use evidence to classify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians (6-J.3)
      - Use evidence to classify animals (6-J.4)
  - A.1.d Population
    - A.1.d.i Distinguishes between a population and a species
      - Describe populations, communities and ecosystems (7-N.1)
    - A.1.d.ii Calculates the number of individuals of a species in a given territory
- A.2 Diversity of life forms
  - A.2.a Physical and behavioural adaptation
    - A.2.a.i Describes physical adaptations that enable animals and plants to improve their chances of survival (e.g. coat colour matched to the environment, shape of leaves)
    - A.2.a.ii Describes behavioural adaptations that enable animals and plants to improve their chances of survival (e.g. movement in groups, phototropism)
      - How can animal behaviours affect reproductive success? Identify evidence to support a claim (7-J.1)
  - A.2.b Evolution
    - A.2.b.i Describes the stages in the evolution of living organisms
    - A.2.b.ii Explains the natural selection process
  - A.2.c Taxonomy
    - A.2.c.i Defines taxonomy as a system for classifying living organisms based for the most part on their anatomical and genetic characteristics
    - A.2.c.ii Identifies a species using a taxonomic key
  - A.2.d Genes and chromosomes
    - A.2.d.i Locates chromosomes in the cell
    - A.2.d.ii Defines a gene as part of a chromosome
    - A.2.d.iii Describes the role of genes (transmission of hereditary characteristics)
B Life-sustaining processes
- B.1 Life-sustaining processes
  - B.1.a Characteristics of living things
    - B.1.a.i Describes certain characteristics common to all living things (nutrition, relationships, adaptation, reproduction)
  - B.1.b Plant and animal cells
    - B.1.b.i Defines the cell as the structural unit of life
      - Understanding cells (8-K.1)
    - B.1.b.ii Names vital functions carried out by cells
      - Identify functions of plant cell parts (8-K.2)
      - Identify functions of animal cell parts (8-K.3)
    - B.1.b.iii Distinguishes between animal and plant cells
  - B.1.c Cellular components visible under a microscope
    - B.1.c.i Identifies the main cellular components visible under a microscope (cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuoles)
      - Plant cell diagrams: label parts (8-K.4)
      - Animal cell diagrams: label parts (8-K.5)
    - B.1.c.ii Describes the role of the main cellular components visible under a microscope
      - Identify functions of plant cell parts (8-K.2)
      - Identify functions of animal cell parts (8-K.3)
  - B.1.d Inputs and outputs (energy, nutrients, waste)
    - B.1.d.i Names cellular inputs
      - Understanding the chemistry of cellular respiration (8-J.2)
    - B.1.d.ii Names cellular outputs
      - Understanding the chemistry of cellular respiration (8-J.2)
  - B.1.e Osmosis and diffusion
    - B.1.e.i Distinguishes between osmosis and diffusion
      - Diffusion across membranes (7-H.2)
  - B.1.f Photosynthesis and respiration
    - B.1.f.i Names the inputs and outputs involved in photosynthesis
      - How do plants use and change energy? (8-M.1)
    - B.1.f.iii Names the inputs and outputs involved in respiration
      - Understanding the chemistry of cellular respiration (8-J.2)
E Survival of species
- E.1 Reproduction
  - E.1.a Asexual and sexual reproduction
    - E.1.a.i Distinguishes between asexual and sexual reproduction (e.g. sexual reproduction involves gametes)
  - E.1.b Reproductive mechanisms in plants
    - E.1.b.i Describes asexual reproductive mechanisms in plants (e.g. cutting, layering)
      - Moss and fern life cycles (7-L.2)
    - E.1.b.ii Describes the sexual reproductive mechanism in plants (flowering plants)
      - Angiosperm and conifer life cycles (7-L.1)
  - E.1.c Reproductive mechanisms in animals
    - E.1.c.i Describes the roles of the male and female in the reproduction of certain types of animals (e.g. birds, fish, mammals)
  - E.1.d Reproductive organs
    - E.1.d.i Names the main male and female reproductive organs (penis, testicles, vagina, ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus)
  - E.1.e Gametes
    - E.1.e.i Names the male and female gametes
    - E.1.e.ii Describes the role of gametes in reproduction
  - E.1.f Fertilization
    - E.1.f.i Describes fertilization in humans
  - E.1.g Pregnancy
    - E.1.g.i Names the stages of human development during pregnancy (zygote, embryo, fetus)
  - E.1.h Stages of human development
    - E.1.h.i Describes the stages of human development (childhood, adolescence, adulthood)
  - E.1.i Contraception
    - E.1.i.i Describes contraceptive methods (e.g. condom, ovulation suppression agents)
    - E.1.i.ii Describes the advantages and disadvantages of different contraceptive methods
  - E.1.j Methods of preventing the implantation of the zygote in the uterus
    - E.1.j.i Names methods of preventing the implantation of the zygote in the uterus (intrauterine device, day-after pill)
  - E.1.k Sexually transmitted and blood-borne diseases
    - E.1.k.i Names sexually transmitted and blood-borne diseases
    - E.1.k.ii Describes behaviours to prevent contracting sexually transmitted and blood-borne diseases (e.g. wearing a condom)
    - E.1.k.iii Describes responsible behaviours to adopt after being diagnosed with a sexually transmitted or blood-borne disease (e.g. informing one's partner)

The Earth and Space

A Characteristics of the Earth
- A.1 General characteristics of the Earth
  - A.1.a Internal structure of the Earth
    - A.1.a.i Describes the main characteristics of the three parts of the internal structure of the Earth (crust, mantle, core)
      - Label Earth layers (7-S.1)
- A.2 Lithosphere
  - A.2.a General characteristics of the lithosphere
    - A.2.a.i Defines the lithosphere as the outer shell of the Earth comprising the crust and the upper mantle
    - A.2.a.ii Describes the main relationships between the lithosphere and human activity (e.g. survival, agriculture, mining, land-use planning)
  - A.2.b Relief
    - A.2.b.i Describes relationships between relief (topology) and geological and geophysical phenomena (e.g. the retreat of a glacier causes the formation of a plain)
    - A.2.b.ii Describes the effect of relief on human activities (e.g. transportation, construction, sports, agriculture)
  - A.2.h Types of rocks
    - A.2.h.i Describes the formation of three types of rock: igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary
    - A.2.h.ii Classifies rocks by method of formation (e.g. granite is an igneous rock, lime is a sedimentary rock, slate is a metamorphic rock)
      - Classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic (7-R.3)
    - A.2.h.iii Distinguishes between rocks and minerals
      - Identify rocks and minerals (7-R.1)
  - A.2.i Minerals
    - A.2.i.i Names basic minerals based on their properties (e.g. colour, hardness, magnetism)
  - A.2.j Types of soil
    - A.2.j.i Classifies soils based on their composition (e.g. sand, clay, organic material)
- A.3 Hydrosphere
  - A.3.a General characteristics of the hydrosphere
    - A.3.a.i Describes the distribution of fresh water and salt water on the Earth's surface (e.g. glaciers contain inaccessible fresh water)
    - A.3.a.ii Describes the main interactions between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere (e.g. heat exchanges, climate regulation, meteorological phenomena)
- A.4 Atmosphere
  - A.4.a General characteristics of the atmosphere
    - A.4.a.i Locates the main layers of the atmosphere (troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere)
    - A.4.a.ii Describes the composition of pure air at sea level (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapour)
    - A.4.a.iii Describes the relationships between the atmosphere and certain human activities (e.g. recreation, transportation, energy consumption)
      - Evaluate claims about natural resource use: fossil fuels (6-S.2)
B Geological and geophysical phenomena
- B.1 Geological and geophysical phenomena
  - B.1.a Tectonic plate
    - B.1.a.i Describes the main elements of the theory of tectonic plates (e.g. plate, subduction zone, mid-oceanic ridge)
      - Label Earth features at tectonic plate boundaries (7-S.2)
  - B.1.b Orogenesis
    - B.1.b.i Describes the formation of mountains, folding and breaks (tectonic plate movements)
      - Describe tectonic plate boundaries around the world (7-S.3)
  - B.1.c Volcano
    - B.1.c.i Describes a volcanic eruption
    - B.1.c.ii Describes the geographical distribution of volcanoes
  - B.1.d Earthquake
    - B.1.d.i Describes the processes that cause earthquakes (e.g. tectonic plate movements, slides)
  - B.1.e Erosion
    - B.1.e.i Describes different types of erosion (e.g. soils dried by the wind, fragmentation of rocks caused by water freezing and thawing)
  - B.1.f Winds
    - B.1.f.i Names the main factors responsible for wind (e.g. convection movements, movement of air masses)
  - B.1.g Water cycle
    - B.1.g.i Explains the water cycle (phase changes, energy exchanges)
      - Label parts of water cycle diagrams (7-T.1)
      - Select parts of water cycle diagrams (7-T.2)
  - B.1.h Natural energy sources
    - B.1.h.i Describes the role of solar energy as a natural energy source (e.g. wind, tornadoes, hurricanes, storms)
  - B.1.i Renewable and nonrenewable energy resources
    - B.1.i.i Distinguishes between renewable and nonrenewable energy resources (e.g. Sun, molten rock, moving water, oil)
C Astronomical phenomena
- C.1 Concepts related to astronomy
  - C.1.a Universal Gravitation
    - C.1.a.i Defines gravitation as a force of mutual attraction between bodies
  - C.1.c Light
    - C.1.c.i Defines light as a form of radiant energy
    - C.1.c.ii Describes properties of light (propagation in a straight line, diffuse reflection by surfaces)
    - C.1.c.iii Explains different phenomena using the properties of light (cycles of day and night, seasons, phases of the Moon, eclipses)
- C.2 Solar system
  - C.2.a Characteristics of the solar system
    - C.2.a.i Compares some of the characteristics of the planets in our solar system (e.g. distances, relative size, composition)
      - Analyze data to compare properties of planets (6-V.9)
  - C.2.b Cycles of day and night
    - C.2.b.i Explains the alternation of day and night in terms of the Earth's rotation
      - Earth's rotation and orbit (6-V.1)
  - C.2.c Phases of the Moon
    - C.2.c.i Explains the phases of the lunar cycle
      - Identify phases of the Moon (6-V.4)
  - C.2.d Eclipses
    - C.2.d.i Explains a lunar or solar eclipse
      - Solar eclipses (6-V.5)
  - C.2.e Seasons
    - C.2.e.i Explains the phenomenon of seasons in terms of the position of the Earth with respect to the Sun (tilt, revolution)
      - What causes the seasons on Earth? (6-V.7)
  - C.2.f Comets
    - C.2.f.i Describes the main parts of a comet (core of ice and rock, tail of gas, and tail of dust)
  - C.2.g Aurora borealis (northern lights)
    - C.2.g.i Locates the geographic regions where the aurora borealis occurs (polar regions)
    - C.2.g.ii Identifies the atmospheric layer in which the aurora borealis occurs
  - C.2.h Meteoroid impact
    - C.2.h.i Identifies traces left by meteoroid impacts in Québec (e.g. craters, astroblemes)

The Technological World

A Graphical language
- A.1 Graphical language
  - A.1.a Diagram of principles (design plan)
    - A.1.a.i Defines a diagram of principles as a representation used to effectively explain the operation of a technical object
    - A.1.a.ii Associates the functional elements of a technical object with the appropriate diagram of principles
    - A.1.a.iii Explains the operation of a simple technical object by drawing a diagram illustrating the active forces and the resulting motion
    - A.1.a.iv Names the subassemblies and parts essential to the operation of a technical object
    - A.1.a.v Indicates certain principles of simple machines illustrated in a technical object (e.g. a lever in a wheelbarrow, a wedge in an axe)
  - A.1.b Construction diagram (technical diagram)
    - A.1.b.i Defines a construction diagram as a representation used to effectively explain the construction and assembly of a technical object
    - A.1.b.ii Associates the shape and arrangement of parts of technical objects with the appropriate construction diagram
    - A.1.b.iii Explains the construction of a simple technical object by drawing a diagram illustrating the assembly and arrangement of parts
    - A.1.b.iv Names the components of a simple technical object
    - A.1.b.v Indicates the links and guiding controls on a construction diagram
B Mechanical engineering
- B.1 Forces and motion
  - B.1.a Types of motion
    - B.1.a.i Identifies parts that move in a specific way in a technical object (rectilinear translation, rotation, helical)
  - B.1.b Effects of a force
    - B.1.b.i Explains the effects of a force in a technical object (change in the motion of an object, distortion of a material)
  - B.1.c Simple machines
    - B.1.c.i Identifies wheels, inclined planes and levers in simple technical objects (e.g. a wheelbarrow is made up of a second-class lever and a wheel)
    - B.1.c.ii Describes qualitatively the mechanical advantages of different types of levers (first-class, second-class, third-class) in different applications
- B.2 Technological systems
  - B.2.a System
    - B.2.a.i Identifies a system (set of connected elements that interact with each other) in a technical object or technological application
    - B.2.a.ii Describes the overall function of a technological system
    - B.2.a.iii Names the inputs and outputs of a technological system
    - B.2.a.iv Names the processes and control elements of a technological system
  - B.2.b Components of a system
    - B.2.b.i Describes the role of the components of a technological system (e.g. explains the role of the parts of a lighting system)
  - B.2.c Energy transformations
    - B.2.c.i Associates energy with radiation, heat or motion
      - Predict heat flow and temperature changes (7-F.1)
      - Compare thermal energy transfers (7-F.2)
    - B.2.c.ii Defines energy transformations
    - B.2.c.iii Identifies energy transformations in a technical object or technological system
      - Explore energy transformations: roller coaster ride (7)
- B.3 Engineering
  - B.3.a Basic mechanical functions (links, guiding control)
    - B.3.a.i Describes the role of links and guiding controls in a technical object
    - B.3.a.ii Identifies a guiding control in a technical object, as well as the related links (e.g. a pizza wheel is guided by a pivot, which links it to the handle)
  - B.3.h Motion transmission systems
    - B.3.h.i Identifies motion transmission systems in technical objects
  - B.3.k Motion transformation systems
    - B.3.k.i Identifies motion transformation systems in technical objects
D Materials
- D.1 Material resources
  - D.1.a Raw materials
    - D.1.a.i Associates raw materials with the unprocessed materials used in an industry (e.g. bauxite is the raw material used in aluminum smelters)
  - D.1.b Materials
    - D.1.b.i Names the materials present in a technical object (e.g. a cooking pot is composed of two materials: a metal used to make the container and plastic used to coat the handle)
    - D.1.b.ii Determines the origins of the materials present in a technical object (animal, plant, mineral, wood)
  - D.1.c Equipment
    - D.1.c.i Defines tools and equipment as the elements needed to manufacture an object (machining, control, assembly)
E Manufacturing
- E.1 Manufacturing
  - E.1.a Specifications
    - E.1.a.i Defines specifications as a set of constraints associated with the design of a technical object
    - E.1.a.ii Evaluates a prototype or technical object based on the environments described in the specifications (human, technical, industrial, economic, physical, environmental)
      - Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions (7-C.2)
      - Use data from tests to compare engineering-design solutions (7-C.3)
  - E.1.b Manufacturing process sheet
    - E.1.b.i Defines a manufacturing process sheet as a set of steps to follow to machine the parts that make up a technical object
    - E.1.b.ii Follows a process and assembly sheet to construct an object consisting of few components or to construct part of that object

Techniques

A Technology
- A.1 Graphic communication
  - A.1.a Doing a technical drawing
    - A.1.a.i Chooses the best view for an elevation drawing of a technical object
    - A.1.a.ii Represents the visible edges using solid lines
    - A.1.a.iii Represents the hidden edges using dotted lines
    - A.1.a.iv Indicates the overall external dimensions of an object on a drawing
  - A.1.b Reading plans
    - A.1.b.i Associates views with the sides of a technical object
    - A.1.b.ii Associates lines with the edges of a technical object
  - A.1.c Drawing diagrams
    - A.1.c.i Chooses the best view to describe a technical object
    - A.1.c.ii Uses different colours for each part of a technical object
    - A.1.c.iii Indicates all the information needed to explain the operation or construction of an object
  - A.1.d Using scales
    - A.1.d.i Associates real measurements with each of the dimensions in a drawing
    - A.1.d.ii Reduces or multiplies the dimensions of a technical object based on the scale
  - A.1.e Using drawing instruments
    - A.1.e.i Uses drawing instruments (e.g. ruler, square) to make diagrams
- A.2 Manufacturing
  - A.2.a Safely using machines and tools
    - A.2.a.i Uses tools safely (e.g. retractable utility knife, hammer, screwdriver, pliers)
  - A.2.b Measuring and laying out
    - A.2.b.i Identifies the unit of measurement on the instrument
    - A.2.b.ii Positions the measuring instrument to obtain reliable reference points
    - A.2.b.iii Adopts the appropriate position for reading an instrument
    - A.2.b.iv Marks the materials to be shaped using a pencil or punch
  - A.2.c Machining and forming
    - A.2.c.i Chooses the appropriate materials, tools, techniques and processes
    - A.2.c.ii Draws the necessary reference lines
    - A.2.c.iii Immobilizes the part to be formed
    - A.2.c.iv Forms the part in accordance with the steps in the following machining processes: sawing, drilling, sanding, filing
  - A.2.d Finishing
    - A.2.d.i Sands the sides or deburrs the edges of each part after forming
    - A.2.d.ii Uses the appropriate finish (stain, paint)
  - A.2.e Assembling
    - A.2.e.i Marks the references (holes, points or guidelines)
    - A.2.e.ii Immobilizes parts during gluing
    - A.2.e.iii Drills to the diameter of the screws, nails or rivets used
    - A.2.e.iv Countersinks the openings for countersunk screws
  - A.2.f Assembling and disassembling
    - A.2.f.i Identifies and gathers the parts and hardware
    - A.2.f.ii Chooses the appropriate tools
    - A.2.f.iii For disassembly, numbers and records the location of the parts
B Science
- B.1 Science
  - B.1.a Safely using laboratory materials and equipment
    - B.1.a.i Uses laboratory materials and equipment safely (e.g. allows hotplate to cool, uses beaker tongs)
      - Identify laboratory tools (7-A.2)
      - Laboratory safety equipment (7-A.3)
    - B.1.a.ii Handles chemicals safely (e.g. uses a spatula and pipette filler)
  - B.1.b Separating mixtures
    - B.1.b.i Separates heterogeneous mixtures using sedimentation and decantation
    - B.1.b.ii Separates heterogeneous mixtures using filtration
    - B.1.b.iii Separates different aqueous solutions using evaporation or distillation
  - B.1.c Designing and creating an environment
    - B.1.c.i Uses environmental design and construction techniques that respect the characteristics of the habitat (e.g. terrarium, aquarium, composting medium)
  - B.1.d Using measuring instruments
    - B.1.d.i Adopts the appropriate position for reading an instrument
    - B.1.d.ii Measures the mass of a substance using a balance
    - B.1.d.iii Measures the volume of a liquid using the appropriate graduated cylinder
    - B.1.d.iv Measures the volume of an insoluble solid using water displacement
    - B.1.d.v Measures temperature using a graduated thermometer
  - B.1.e Using observational instruments
    - B.1.e.i Uses observational instruments appropriately (e.g. magnifying glass, stereomicroscope, binoculars, microscope)

Strategies

A Exploration strategies
- A.15 Ensuring that the procedure is appropriate and safe and making the necessary adjustments
B Instrumentation strategies
- B.6 Selecting suitable techniques or tools for observation
C Analytical strategies
- C.1 Identifying the constraints and important elements related to the problem-solving situation
  - Identify parts of the engineering-design process (7-C.1)
- C.2 Dividing a complex problem into simpler subproblems
- C.3 Using different types of reasoning (e.g. inductive and deductive reasoning, comparison, classification, prioritization) in order to process information
D Communication strategies
- D.5 Using tools to display information in various formats (e.g. data tables, graphs, diagrams)

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The Material World

A Properties

A.1 Properties of matter

A.1.a Mass

A.1.a.i Defines the concept of mass

A.1.a.ii Compares the mass of different substances with the same volume

A.1.b Volume

A.1.b.i Defines the concept of volume

A.1.b.ii Chooses the appropriate unit of measurement to express volume (e.g. 120 mL or 0.12 L or 120 cm3)

A.1.b.iii Compares the volume of different substances with the same mass

A.1.c Temperature

A.1.c.i Describes the effect of heat on the degree of agitation of particles

A.1.c.ii Defines temperature as a measurement of the degree of agitation of particles

A.1.c.iii Explains the thermal expansion of bodies

A.1.d States of matter

A.1.d.i Names the different phase changes of matter (vaporization, condensation, freezing, melting, deposition, sublimation)

A.1.d.ii Interprets the phase change diagram for a pure substance

A.1.e Acidity/alkalinity

A.1.e.i Determines the observable properties of acidic, basic or neutral solutions (e.g. reaction to litmus, reactivity with metals)

A.1.e.ii Determines the acidity or alkalinity of common substances (e.g. water, lemon juice, vinegar, soft drinks, milk of magnesia, cleaners)

A.1.f Characteristic properties

A.1.f.i Defines a characteristic property as a property that aids in the identification of a substance or group of substances

A.1.f.ii Identifies groups of substances based on their common characteristic properties (e.g. acids turn litmus red)

A.1.f.iii Associates a characteristic property of a substance or material with its use (e.g. metal is used to make pots because it is a good conductor of heat)

A.3 Properties of solutions

A.3.a Solutions

A.3.a.i Describes the properties of an aqueous solution (e.g. only one visible phase, translucent)

B Changes

B.1 Changes in matter

B.1.a Conservation of matter

B.1.a.i Demonstrates that matter is conserved during a chemical change (e.g. conservation of mass in a precipitation reaction)

B.1.b Mixtures

B.1.b.i Describes the properties of a mixture (e.g. made up of several substances, one or more phases)

B.1.b.ii Distinguishes between a solution or homogenous mixture (e.g. drinking water, air, alloy) and a heterogeneous mixture (e.g. tomato juice, smog, rock)

B.1.d Separation of mixtures

B.1.d.i Associates a separation technique with the type of mixture to be separated

B.1.d.ii Describes the steps involved in separating a complex mixture (e.g. sedimentation, decantation and evaporation to separate salt water and sand)

B.2 Physical changes

B.2.a Physical changes

B.2.a.i Describes the characteristics of a physical change (e.g. substance retains its properties, molecules remain intact)

B.2.a.ii Recognizes different physical changes (e.g. phase changes, preparation or separation of a mixture)

B.3 Chemical changes

B.3.a Chemical changes

B.3.a.i Describes the indicators of a chemical change (formation of a precipitate, effervescence, colour change, heat, light)

B.3.a.ii Explains a chemical change based on the changes in the properties of the substances involved

B.3.a.iii Names different types of chemical changes (e.g. decomposition, oxidation)

C Organization

C.1 Structure of matter

C.1.a Atom

C.1.a.i Describes Dalton's atomic model

C.1.a.ii Defines the atom as the basic unit of the molecule

C.1.b Molecule

C.1.b.i Describes a molecule using Dalton's atomic model (combination of atoms linked by chemical bonds)

C.1.b.ii Represents the formation of a molecule using Dalton's atomic model

C.1.c Element

C.1.c.i Defines an element as a pure substance made of a single type of atom (e.g. Fe, N2)

C.1.d Periodic table

C.1.d.i Describes the periodic table as a structured classification of elements

The Living World

A Diversity of life forms

A.1 Ecology

A.1.a Habitat

A.1.a.i Names the characteristics that define a habitat (e.g. geographic location, climate, flora, fauna, proximity of man-made constructions)

A.1.a.ii Describes the habitat of certain species

A.1.b Ecological niche

A.1.b.i Names the characteristics that define an ecological niche (e.g. habitat, diet, daily rhythms)

A.1.b.ii Describes the ecological niche of an animal species

A.1.c Species

A.1.c.i Names the characteristics that define a species (common physical characteristics; natural, viable and fertile reproduction)

A.1.d Population

A.1.d.i Distinguishes between a population and a species

A.1.d.ii Calculates the number of individuals of a species in a given territory

A.2 Diversity of life forms

A.2.a Physical and behavioural adaptation

A.2.a.i Describes physical adaptations that enable animals and plants to improve their chances of survival (e.g. coat colour matched to the environment, shape of leaves)

A.2.a.ii Describes behavioural adaptations that enable animals and plants to improve their chances of survival (e.g. movement in groups, phototropism)

A.2.b Evolution

A.1.b.ii Chooses the appropriate unit of measurement to express volume (e.g. 120 mL or 0.12 L or 120 cm³)

C.1.c.i Defines an element as a pure substance made of a single type of atom (e.g. Fe, N₂)