Newfoundland and Labrador

Integrated Skills

• 1 Initiating and Planning

  • Identify questions to investigate that arise from practical problems and issues

    • The process of scientific inquiry (10-A.1)
    • Identify the experimental question (10-A.4)
    • Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials (10-A.5)

  • Design an experiment identifying and controlling major variables

    • The process of scientific inquiry (10-A.1)
    • Identify control and experimental groups (10-A.2)
    • Identify independent and dependent variables (10-A.3)

  • State a prediction and a hypothesis based on available evidence and background information

    • The process of scientific inquiry (10-A.1)

  • Design an experiment and identify specific variables

    • The process of scientific inquiry (10-A.1)

  • Formulate operational definitions of major variables

  • Evaluate and select appropriate instruments for collecting evidence and appropriate processes for problem solving, inquiring, and decision making

    • Identify laboratory tools (10-B.1)

  • Develop appropriate sampling procedures

• 2 Performing and Recording

  • Carry out procedures controlling the major variables and adapting or extending procedures where required

  • Use instruments effectively and accurately for collecting data

  • Estimate quantities

  • Compile and organize data, using appropriate formats and data treatments to facilitate interpretation of the data

  • Use library and electronic research tools to collect information on a given topic

  • Select and integrate information from various print and electronic sources or from several parts of the same source

  • Select and use apparatus and materials safely

    • Identify laboratory tools (10-B.1)
    • Identify parts of a light microscope (10-B.2)

  • Demonstrate a knowledge of WHMIS standards by selecting and applying proper techniques for handling and disposing of lab materials

• 3 Analyzing and Interpreting

  • Describe and apply classification systems and nomenclatures used in the sciences

    • Name binary ionic compounds (10-V.1)
    • Name ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions (10-V.2)
    • Write chemical formulas of ionic compounds (10-V.3)
    • Classify chemical reactions (10-Z.1)

  • Compile and display evidence and information, by hand or computer, in a variety of formats, including diagrams, flow charts, tables, graphs, and scatter plots

    • Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials (10-A.5)

  • Interpret patterns and trends in data, and infer or calculate linear and nonlinear relationships among variables

    • Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials (10-A.5)
    • Patterns of population growth (10-M.7)
    • Factors affecting carrying capacity (10-M.8)

  • Compare theoretical and empirical values and account for discrepancies

  • Evaluate the relevance, reliability, and adequacy of data and data collection methods

  • Identify and explain sources of error and uncertainty in measurement and express results in a form that acknowledges the degree of uncertainty

  • Provide a statement that addresses the problem or answers the question investigated in light of the link between data and the conclusion

    • The process of scientific inquiry (10-A.1)

  • Propose alternative solutions to a given practical problem, identify the potential strengths and weaknesses of each, and select one as the basis for a plan

  • Identify new questions and problems that arise from what was learned

• 4 Communication and Teamwork

  • Communicate questions, ideas, and intentions, and receive, interpret, understand, support, and respond to the ideas of others

  • Select and use appropriate numeric, symbolic, graphical, and linguistic modes of representation to communicate ideas, plans, and results

    • Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials (10-A.5)

  • Identify multiple perspectives that influence a science-related decision or issue

  • Develop, present, and defend a position or course of action, based on findings

  • Work cooperatively with team members to develop and carry out a plan, and troubleshoot problems as they arise

Earth and Space Science

• 5 STSE

  • Illustrate how science attempts to explain natural phenomena

  • Analyze why scientific and technological activities take place in a variety of individual and group settings

  • Identify examples where scientific understanding was enhanced or revised as a result of the invention of a technology

  • Describe examples of Canadian contributions to science and technology

  • Explain how scientific knowledge evolves as new evidence comes to light

    • Evaluate claims about natural resource use: fossil fuels (10-LL.2)
    • The greenhouse effect (10-MM.4)

  • Relate personal activities and various scientific and technological endeavours to specific science disciplines and interdisciplinary studies

• 6 Knowledge

  • Describe how the hydrosphere and atmosphere act as heat sinks

    • The greenhouse effect (10-MM.4)
    • Factors affecting climate: latitude (10-NN.2)
    • Factors affecting climate: altitude (10-NN.3)
    • Factors affecting climate: distance from the ocean (10-NN.4)
    • Factors affecting climate: surface ocean currents (10-NN.5)

  • Describe and explain heat transfer within the water cycle

  • Describe and explain heat transfer in the hydrosphere and atmosphere and its effects on air and water currents

    • Explore air masses (10-MM.1)
    • Identify and compare air masses (10-MM.2)
    • How do air masses form? (10-MM.3)
    • Factors affecting climate: latitude (10-NN.2)
    • Factors affecting climate: surface ocean currents (10-NN.5)

  • Describe and explain the effects of heat transfer within the hydrosphere and atmosphere on the development, severity, and movement of weather systems

  • Analyze meteorological data for a given time span and predict future weather conditions, using appropriate methodologies and technologies

Physical Science

• 7 STSE

  • Provide examples of how science and technology are an integral part of their lives and their community

  • Describe the usefulness of scientific nomenclature systems

  • Describe the functioning of domestic and industrial technologies, using scientific principles

  • Identify examples where technologies were developed based on scientific understanding

  • Compare examples of how society supports and influences science and technology

  • Defend a decision or judgment and demonstrate that relevant arguments can arise from different perspectives

  • Identify and describe science- and technology-based careers related to the science they are studying

  • Relate personal activities and various scientific and technological endeavours to specific science disciplines and interdisciplinary studies

  • Identify possible areas of further study related to science and technology

  • Distinguish between scientific questions and technological problems

  • Describe the historical development of a technology

  • Evaluate the role of continued testing in the development and improvement of technologies

  • Evaluate the design of a technology and the way it functions on the basis of identified criteria such as safety, cost, availability, and impact on everyday life and the environment

  • Analyze natural and technological systems to interpret and explain their structure and dynamics

  • Describe examples of Canadian contributions to science and technology

• 8 Knowledge

  • Name and write formulas for some common ionic and molecular compounds, using the periodic table and a list of ions

    • Introduction to chemical bonding (10-U.1)
    • Determine which type of chemical bond can form (10-U.2)
    • Name binary ionic compounds (10-V.1)
    • Name ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions (10-V.2)
    • Write chemical formulas of ionic compounds (10-V.3)

  • Represent chemical reactions and the conservation of mass using molecular models and balanced symbolic equations

    • Count atoms in chemical reactions using models (10-Y.1)
    • Count atoms in chemical equations (10-Y.2)
    • Balance chemical equations I (10-Y.3)

  • Classify chemical reactions based on type

    • Classify chemical reactions (10-Z.1)

  • Classify substances as acids, bases, or salts, based on their characteristics, name, and formula

  • Describe how neutralization involves tempering the effects of an acid with a base or vice versa

  • Illustrate how factors such as heat, concentration, light, and surface area can affect chemical reactions

    • Factors that affect reaction rate (10-CC.1)

  • Describe quantitatively the relationship among motion variables

    • Distance and displacement in one dimension (10-EE.1)

  • Analyze mathematically the relationship among displacement, velocity, and time

    • Distance and displacement in one dimension (10-EE.1)

  • Analyze graphically the relationship among displacement, velocity, and time for uniform motion

  • Distinguish between instantaneous and average velocity

  • Analyze graphically the relationship among displacement, velocity, and time for non-uniform motion

  • Describe quantitatively the relationship among velocity, time, and acceleration

    • Acceleration in one dimension (10-EE.2)

Life Science

• 9 STSE

  • Propose a course of action on social issues related to science and technology, taking into account human and environmental needs

  • Defend a decision or judgment and demonstrate that relevant arguments can arise from different perspectives

  • Explain how a paradigm shift can change scientific world views

  • Identify examples where scientific understanding was enhanced or revised as a result of the invention of a technology

  • Describe how Canadian research projects in science and technology are funded

  • Describe the importance of peer review in the development of scientific knowledge

  • Compare the risks and benefits to society and the environment of applying scientific knowledge or introducing a technology

• 10 Knowledge

  • Explain why ecosystems with similar characteristics can exist in different geographical locations

  • Explain various ways in which natural populations are kept in equilibrium and relate this equilibrium to the resource limits of an ecosystem

    • Patterns of population growth (10-M.7)
    • Factors affecting carrying capacity (10-M.8)

  • Illustrate and explain the cycling of matter through biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem by tracking carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen

    • The chemistry of photosynthesis (10-G.1)
    • The chemistry of cellular respiration (10-G.2)
    • The carbon cycle: biosphere processes and interactions (10-M.5)
    • The carbon cycle: geosphere processes and interactions (10-M.6)

  • Describe how soil composition and fertility can be altered and how these changes could affect an ecosystem

  • Describe the mechanisms of bioaccumulation, and explain its potential impact on the viability of and diversity of consumers at all trophic levels

  • Analyze the impact of external factors on an ecosystem

    • Kelp forests: factors affecting biodiversity (10-N.1)

  • Explain how the biodiversity of an ecosystem contributes to its sustainability

  • Explain why different ecosystems respond differently to short-term stresses and long-term changes